mmguta wrote:As much as we think we have free will our ability to make choices are based on many past experiences good or evil. Do you really have free will and are your decisions based on only what you think and not the baggage you are dragging since birth including your parents, lovers, friends, neighbors and society at large as well as the many belief systems and the issues that come with them?
Hi mmguta, welcome to Booktalk, and thank you for raising these questions. What with Harris's book, freedom of the will seems a fashionable topic, and it was also raised in another recent thread here started by ant.
You are raising what I would call the level of karma, or social determinacy, whereas Dexter raises the level of matter, or physical determinacy. Both have meaning, but both are also limited.
Karma suggests our fate is preordained by our previous lives, and we can only escape our destiny through extremely slow incremental steps over many generations. The idea of karma links to the Islamic concept of kismet, both of which have rather unfortunate consequences of promoting stagnation and acceptance.
Physics suggests the universe consists of matter in motion, with all events preordained by natural causality, ultimately predictable to the omniscient mind of God (or nature). Physics does question determinacy in quantum mechanics, but Einstein expressed the logical challenge to indeterminacy with his statement that God does not play dice.
Whether or not God or Nature knows the future, we cannot, so are condemned to be free. Claiming that our circumstances chain our options may often be true, but it may also be a cop-out for our timid unwillingness to take risks. The question of whether unconscious psychological impulses and instincts constrain our freedom is an important part of evolutionary psychology, topic of current Booktalk non-fiction selection. The modern enlightenment tradition holds that the rational individual is entirely free, whereas psychiatry illustrates how delusion and ignorance (Buddhist maya) shackle us in ways we do not see.
The dichotomy of freedom was expressed by the existentialist philosopher Martin Heidegger, who said in his 1926 book
Being and Time that on the one hand we are limited by our facticity, the actual historical situation constraining our options, while on the other hand we have existentiality, our free human capacity to project ourselves upon our possibilities in the sphere of openness. Heidegger held that the authentic human ethic is found in an attitude of pure freedom, which he further described in the rather cryptic phrase 'anticipatory resoluteness', meaning the ability to maintain integrity in the face of events.